An OSD tank is an on-site stormwater detention tank: a storage structure that temporarily holds stormwater from a property and releases it slowly into…
An upstand wall is a raised, wall-like element that projects above a slab, floor, roof or other supporting structure. Upstands are common around balconies,…
High-rise formwork is engineered formwork used to shape and support fresh concrete when building multi-storey structures. It is used for vertical elements such as…
Basement wall systems are the structural walls that form and support below-ground spaces such as residential basements and underground car parks. They usually resist…
A modular retaining wall uses repeatable blocks, panels or structural components to hold back soil where ground levels change. Common modular systems include interlocking…
Prefabricated walls are wall components made partly or substantially off-site, then delivered and assembled into the building. Double brick uses two masonry leaves, brick…
Basement waterproofing is the design and installation of measures to prevent or control the entry of water into below-ground spaces through walls, floors, joints,…
In situ concrete walls are poured and cured in their final position, while precast concrete walls are manufactured elsewhere, then transported to the site…